Scheduled Caste Situation in India (M.P.): Present Scenario

 

P.S. Malviya, Smt. Mumtaz Zafar Siddiqui

 

A.P. in  Physics, Govt. J.N.S. Post Graduate College, Shujalpur (MP)-465333

A.P. in  Sociology, Govt. J.N.S. Post Graduate College, Shujalpur (MP)-465333

 

ABSTRACT

The caste system in India broadly divides the population into four major groups –such as General, OBC, SC and ST’s. Where Scheduled caste is group of caste that is better known as Dalits. In our constitution; fundamental rights article 17-“Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The  enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability  shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law” but unfortunately till now we couldn’t abolished this evil in our society. Here we have briefly discussed comparatively literacy rate (2001) of  India, MP and SC’s in MP and literacy rate (2011) of India, MP and SC’s in India. Secondly the situation of Household by condition of census house(Census 2011) of overall India/MP and SC’s households in India/ MP respectively and thirdly  the percentage of catagories of SC’s population workers in MP.

 

 

INTRODUCTION

Ambedkarism and thoughts of Ambedkar:

Historically, oppression has been and continues to be a serious issue of concern Worldwide in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The structure of Indian society, with its hierarchies and power structures, is an ideal place to better understand the experience of oppression. The caste system in India broadly divides the hindu population into four major groups. Fourth group of caste is laboring and servant caste. This group that is sometimes referred technically untouchables or out-castes. Today they are better known as (Dalits) or  Scheduled Castes (SC's)¹

 

At first we want to focus the attention of all readers, scholars towards what is Ambedkarism? Ambedkarism is a Movement of Liberation of man in this life, suffering in the insulted, inhumane, irrational, unscientific, unjust and unequal social order, to establish right relationship between man and man in an Ideal Society of Justice - Liberty - Equality – Fraternity based on the new revolutionary ideology of Humanism² Dr. B.R. Ambedkar  was the voice of the voiceless, hope of the hopelessness, light of those in darkness and a support for those, who were deprived and exploited in the Indian society.He brought them out of the clutches of untouchability, bondage of oppression, and the leprosy of the caste system. He empowered the untouchables to stand firm and assert themselves as human beings in a society dominated by caste Hindus. He showed them the way to stand firm and erect, to hold their heads high and to think and talk the language of free men and women. Dr. Ambedkar’s thought were necessarily objective but not injustice.

They were a reasonable person would believe that the basis of logic and realistic thinking.

 

Dr. Ambedkar was a social scientist -Economical, political, legal and social experience and objective analysis of the facts on the basis of interpretation. Dr. Ambedkar was thinking of a multidimensional. His  early research was in  Economics. Dr. Ambedkar is known as Samvidhan nirmata, jurist, The social reformer, politician, and as the Messiah of Dalits³

 

Present Situation:

According to the 2001 Census there were 1,66,635700  SC’s (Dalits) in India and they   constituted about 16.2% of the entire population of India  Out of these in Madhya Pradesh were 9,155,177 SC’s  and they constituted 15.2 % population in M.P.  1% less than the entire SC’s population of India.  The 2011 Census has now been completed and actual data’s are yet to be awaited. Here  we have depicted the data’s in Table 01, 02 and 03. Literacy rate of Scheduled castes persons in MP is less by 6.2 %and 5.14% of overall literacy rate of India and MP(2001).In table- 02 where the detail data of household by condition of house census 2011 are shown that SC’s population house in good condition categorically less by 10.1 % and 6.9% of national and MP index. In livable and dilapidated condition of SC’s population house are more by 7.5% and 5.7% (In livable) and 2.66 %and 1.33% ( in dilapidated) of national and MP index. In table 03 the categories of workers is shown SC's Population percentage distribution of works in four economic categories in MP where mostly workers are engaged in Agricultural  Laborers⁴

 

Table-01-Literacy rate

	Literacy rate(2001)			Literacy rate(2011)
	India	MP	SC's in MP	India	MP	SC's in  India
						Total SC Population(166635700)	Rural SC's  Population(133010878)	UrbanSC's  Population(33624822)
Literacy ( %)	64.8	63.74	58.6	74	70.6	45.199	41.95	58.02

Source: Office of the Registrar General and Census commissioner, India. Ministry of home affairs, Govt. of India.

 

Table-02-Household by condition of census house (Census 2011)  

	India						Madhya Pradesh
	Total house		Rural		Urban		Total house		Rural		Urban
	Overall (24,66,92,667)	SC's (4,42,26917)	Overall (16,78,26,730)	SC's (3,29,19,665)	Overall (7,88,65,937)	SC's (1,13,07,252)	Overall(14853843)	SC's (24,59,806)	Overall (11030974)	SC's (18,42,446)	Overall(3822869)	SC's (6,17,360)
Good   ( %)	53.1	43	45.9	38.4	68.4	56.3	52.3	45.4	47	41.9	67.6	55.9
Livable  ( %)	41.5	49	47.6	52.6	28.7	38.4	43.6	49.3	48.5	52.5	29.7	39.7
Dilapidated ( %)	5.4	8.06	6.4	8.99	2.9	5.35	4	5.33	4.5	5.64	2.7	4.39

Source: Office of the Registrar General and Census commissioner, India. Ministry of home affairs, Govt. of India.

 

 

Table-03-Category of Workers

SC's Population percentage distribution of works in four economic categories in MP

Economic category	Cultivators	Agricultural  Labourers	HHI (House Hold Industry) Workers	Other workers
( %)	27	42.5	7.8	22.7

Source: Office of the Registrar General and Census commissioner, India. Ministry of home affairs, Govt. of India

 

CONCLUSION:

Ambedkar’s thoughts to become wise, knowledgeable, intelligent, cultured and committed for the success to achieve the goal for national building are so relevance in present scenario.

 

To cure all problems in this present scenario we have to do the following things:-

1      Efforts should be done in   literacy rate to be equal to national level for this community.

2      Efforts should be done to eradicate- unequal social order, untouchability and inhumanity by other section of communities.

3      There is need to establish right relationship between man and man in an Ideal Society of Justice - Liberty - Equality–Fraternity based on the new revolutionary ideology of Humanism.

 

REFERENCE:

1.        Gale Ellen Kamen March, 2004, Falls Church, Virginia.

2.        Prof. Mohan B. Ballal, International Referred Research Journal, February, 2012. ISSN- 0974-2832, RNI-RAJBIL 2009/ 29954; VoL.III ISSUE-37e

3.        Dr. Ambedkar Ke Vichar Darsan-Ramgopal Singh page-35-37, 2002, MPHGA.

4.        Source: Office of the Registrar General and Census commissioner, India. Ministry of home affairs, Govt. of India.